{"title":"Obstacle Detection IR Sensor School Project — Bengaluru","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGo Science\u003c\/strong\u003e is a multi-channel STEM and school project kit retailer — shop online at goscience.in or visit the \u003cstrong\u003eGo Science Bengaluru HSR Layout Store\u003c\/strong\u003e (No. 154, 1st Main, Vinayaka Layout, Kudlu, Bengaluru — 560102). Every kit is stocked, quality-checked, and dispatched directly.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe \u003cstrong\u003eGo Science Obstacle Detection School Project Kit (₹649)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a pre-assembled IR sensor-based working model for \u003cstrong\u003eGrades 7–12\u003c\/strong\u003e. It demonstrates automatic obstacle detection using an infrared sensor — when an object is placed in front of the IR sensor, the circuit triggers an alarm output, replicating real-world collision avoidance and proximity detection systems used in robotics, vehicles, and smart automation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCurriculum relevance:\u003c\/strong\u003e Supports CBSE and NCERT Physics concepts — IR sensors, infrared radiation, automatic circuits, proximity detection, and robotics fundamentals.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHow to get it in Bengaluru:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrder online — delivered to your door in \u003cstrong\u003e60 minutes\u003c\/strong\u003e across Bengaluru\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVisit the \u003cstrong\u003eGo Science Bengaluru HSR Layout Store\u003c\/strong\u003e — browse, buy, and take it home the same day\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIn-store pickup available in 60 minutes after ordering online\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSame price online and in-store: \u003cstrong\u003e₹649\u003c\/strong\u003e. No delivery surcharge.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStore hours: Monday–Saturday, 11 AM–8 PM  |  +91 44 4858 1200\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","products":[{"product_id":"obstacle-detection-alarm-school-project-using-ir-sensor","title":"Obstacle Detection School Project \u0026 Demonstration kit Using IR Sensor Go Science Classroom Series","description":"\u003ch1 class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\" data-end=\"44\" data-start=\"0\" data-section-id=\"wo2xyo\"\u003eObstacle Detection Alarm School project \u0026amp; Demonstration kit Using IR Sensor Go Science Classroom Series\u003cspan class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchor\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-end=\"114\" data-start=\"45\" data-section-id=\"9qhe78\"\u003eSmart Vehicle Collision Warning School Project \u0026amp; Demonstration Kit\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 data-end=\"157\" data-start=\"116\" data-section-id=\"1d7uqn8\"\u003eSee invisible light become a warning.\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"268\" data-start=\"159\"\u003eTurn infrared sensing, electronic comparison and relay switching into a live road-safety learning experience.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"268\" data-start=\"159\"\u003e\u003ciframe width=\"1012\" height=\"569\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/H-kZ37HFoqw\" title=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/iframe\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"496\" data-start=\"270\"\u003eThe \u003cstrong data-end=\"330\" data-start=\"274\"\u003eGo Science Classroom Series Obstacle Detection Alarm\u003c\/strong\u003e brings an IR obstacle sensor, adjustable comparator circuit, 5V relay module, active buzzer and protection diode together on one complete pre-wired working platform.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"860\" data-start=\"498\"\u003eAs the included toy vehicle moves towards the sensor, invisible infrared light is directed forward and reflected from the approaching object. The sensor receives the reflected light and checks the response against its selected threshold. When the obstacle enters the detection zone, the relay activates and the buzzer produces an audible collision-warning alert.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"915\" data-start=\"862\"\u003eStudents can follow the complete functional sequence:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"998\" data-start=\"917\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-end=\"998\" data-start=\"917\"\u003eVehicle Approaches → IR Reflection Detected → Relay Switches → Warning Sounds\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"1200\" data-start=\"1000\"\u003eThe model provides a clear foundation for exploring infrared sensing, reflected light, proximity detection, electronic thresholds, relay switching, warning systems and road-safety technology concepts.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"1452\" data-start=\"1202\"\u003eDesigned for \u003cstrong data-end=\"1230\" data-start=\"1215\"\u003eGrades 7–12\u003c\/strong\u003e, it is suitable for school projects, science exhibitions, classroom demonstrations, electronics activities and road-safety concept presentations.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 data-section-id=\"1hjr29d\" data-start=\"22015\" data-end=\"22035\"\u003eWhat’s in the Kit?\u003c\/h1\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"22037\" data-end=\"22760\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"11l4mfz\" data-start=\"22037\" data-end=\"22078\"\u003ePre-assembled IR obstacle-sensor module\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"u62o12\" data-start=\"22079\" data-end=\"22110\"\u003eAdjustable comparator circuit\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1xxec4y\" data-start=\"22111\" data-end=\"22128\"\u003e5V relay module\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"ll2rnn\" data-start=\"22129\" data-end=\"22154\"\u003ePre-wired active buzzer\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"pyfo9t\" data-start=\"22155\" data-end=\"22180\"\u003eInline protection diode\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"udqapu\" data-start=\"22181\" data-end=\"22207\"\u003ePrinted road-layout base\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"kesgu7\" data-start=\"22208\" data-end=\"22247\"\u003eToy car model with sensor arrangement\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"ich6ki\" data-start=\"22248\" data-end=\"22277\"\u003eToy truck or obstacle model\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1dkujop\" data-start=\"22278\" data-end=\"22310\"\u003ePre-connected electrical wires\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"myf71m\" data-start=\"22311\" data-end=\"22335\"\u003eBattery snap connector\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"st90l0\" data-start=\"22336\" data-end=\"22368\"\u003eWooden component-support block\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"19u4i7m\" data-start=\"22369\" data-end=\"22409\"\u003eReady-to-use educational working model\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1a44xy5\" data-start=\"22410\" data-end=\"22452\"\u003eQR access to the detailed digital manual\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1xp8vqn\" data-start=\"22453\" data-end=\"22510\"\u003eDetailed 16-page full-colour digital instruction manual\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1gzewut\" data-start=\"22511\" data-end=\"22566\"\u003eQR access to the video demonstration from the kit box\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1nwy0n7\" data-start=\"22567\" data-end=\"22595\"\u003eStep-by-step working video\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1qrzs62\" data-start=\"22596\" data-end=\"22632\"\u003eIllustrated component explanations\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1skhet7\" data-start=\"22633\" data-end=\"22671\"\u003eTesting and troubleshooting guidance\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"102qxlx\" data-start=\"22672\" data-end=\"22710\"\u003eEducational-use and storage guidance\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"3jflu\" data-start=\"22711\" data-end=\"22731\"\u003eConcept checkpoint\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1jejhsj\" data-start=\"22732\" data-end=\"22760\"\u003eCertificate of Achievement\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"22762\" data-end=\"22980\"\u003eThe packaging and manual identify the IR sensor, relay, diode, buzzer, road base, toy car, toy truck and battery connector as part of the kit.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 data-section-id=\"1rc8kfz\" data-start=\"22987\" data-end=\"23008\"\u003eRequired Separately\u003c\/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-section-id=\"1kc5asn\" data-start=\"23010\" data-end=\"23023\"\u003e9V Battery\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"23025\" data-end=\"23065\"\u003eThe model requires one fresh 9V battery.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"23067\" data-end=\"23095\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"23067\" data-end=\"23095\"\u003eBattery is not included.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"23097\" data-end=\"23210\"\u003eNo separate demonstration material is required; the toy car and toy obstacle vehicle are supplied with the model.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 data-section-id=\"nh62sj\" data-start=\"23217\" data-end=\"23241\"\u003eProduct Specifications\u003c\/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"TyagGW_tableContainer\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"group TyagGW_tableWrapper flex flex-col-reverse w-fit\" tabindex=\"-1\"\u003e\n\u003ctable data-start=\"23243\" data-end=\"24203\" class=\"w-fit min-w-(--thread-content-width)\"\u003e\n\u003cthead data-start=\"23243\" data-end=\"23270\"\u003e\n\u003ctr data-start=\"23243\" data-end=\"23270\"\u003e\n\u003cth data-start=\"23243\" data-end=\"23259\" data-col-size=\"sm\" class=\"last:pe-10\"\u003eSpecification\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003cth data-start=\"23259\" data-end=\"23270\" data-col-size=\"md\" class=\"last:pe-10\"\u003eDetails\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/thead\u003e\n\u003ctbody data-start=\"23281\" data-end=\"24203\"\u003e\n\u003ctr data-start=\"23281\" data-end=\"23344\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-start=\"23281\" data-end=\"23296\" data-col-size=\"sm\"\u003eProduct type\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-start=\"23296\" data-end=\"23344\" data-col-size=\"md\"\u003eEducational obstacle-detection working model\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-start=\"23345\" data-end=\"23381\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-start=\"23345\" data-end=\"23366\" data-col-size=\"sm\"\u003eRecommended grades\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-start=\"23366\" data-end=\"23381\" data-col-size=\"md\"\u003eGrades 7–12\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-start=\"23382\" data-end=\"23439\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-start=\"23382\" data-end=\"23399\" data-col-size=\"sm\"\u003ePrimary sensor\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-start=\"23399\" data-end=\"23439\" data-col-size=\"md\"\u003eReflective IR obstacle-sensor module\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-start=\"23440\" data-end=\"23503\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-start=\"23440\" data-end=\"23467\" data-col-size=\"sm\"\u003eSensor operating concept\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-start=\"23467\" data-end=\"23503\" data-col-size=\"md\"\u003eInfrared emission and reflection\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-start=\"23504\" data-end=\"23557\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-start=\"23504\" data-end=\"23524\" data-col-size=\"sm\"\u003eThreshold control\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-start=\"23524\" data-end=\"23557\" data-col-size=\"md\"\u003eAdjustable onboard comparator\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-start=\"23558\" data-end=\"23599\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-start=\"23558\" data-end=\"23580\" data-col-size=\"sm\"\u003eSwitching component\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-start=\"23580\" data-end=\"23599\" data-col-size=\"md\"\u003e5V relay module\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-start=\"23600\" data-end=\"23634\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-start=\"23600\" data-end=\"23609\" data-col-size=\"sm\"\u003eOutput\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-start=\"23609\" data-end=\"23634\" data-col-size=\"md\"\u003eActive audible buzzer\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-start=\"23635\" data-end=\"23689\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-start=\"23635\" data-end=\"23656\" data-col-size=\"sm\"\u003eCircuit protection\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-start=\"23656\" data-end=\"23689\" data-col-size=\"md\"\u003eInline reverse-polarity diode\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-start=\"23690\" data-end=\"23747\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-start=\"23690\" data-end=\"23713\" data-col-size=\"sm\"\u003eDemonstration models\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-start=\"23713\" data-end=\"23747\" data-col-size=\"md\"\u003eToy car and toy truck\/obstacle\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-start=\"23748\" data-end=\"23789\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-start=\"23748\" data-end=\"23762\" data-col-size=\"sm\"\u003eRoad layout\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-start=\"23762\" data-end=\"23789\" data-col-size=\"md\"\u003ePrinted model road base\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-start=\"23790\" data-end=\"23825\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-start=\"23790\" data-end=\"23819\" data-col-size=\"sm\"\u003eExact distance measurement\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-start=\"23819\" data-end=\"23825\" data-col-size=\"md\"\u003eNo\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-start=\"23826\" data-end=\"23864\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-start=\"23826\" data-end=\"23858\" data-col-size=\"sm\"\u003eAutomatic braking or steering\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-start=\"23858\" data-end=\"23864\" data-col-size=\"md\"\u003eNo\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-start=\"23865\" data-end=\"23927\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-start=\"23865\" data-end=\"23893\" data-col-size=\"sm\"\u003eCoding or microcontroller\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-start=\"23893\" data-end=\"23927\" data-col-size=\"md\"\u003eNot used in the supplied model\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-start=\"23928\" data-end=\"23965\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-start=\"23928\" data-end=\"23947\" data-col-size=\"sm\"\u003eBattery required\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-start=\"23947\" data-end=\"23965\" data-col-size=\"md\"\u003eOne 9V battery\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-start=\"23966\" data-end=\"23991\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-start=\"23966\" data-end=\"23985\" data-col-size=\"sm\"\u003eBattery included\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-start=\"23985\" data-end=\"23991\" data-col-size=\"md\"\u003eNo\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-start=\"23992\" data-end=\"24039\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-start=\"23992\" data-end=\"24009\" data-col-size=\"sm\"\u003eDigital manual\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-start=\"24009\" data-end=\"24039\" data-col-size=\"md\"\u003eIncluded through QR access\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-start=\"24040\" data-end=\"24101\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-start=\"24040\" data-end=\"24062\" data-col-size=\"sm\"\u003eVideo demonstration\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-start=\"24062\" data-end=\"24101\" data-col-size=\"md\"\u003eProduct gallery, YouTube and box QR\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-start=\"24102\" data-end=\"24147\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-start=\"24102\" data-end=\"24127\" data-col-size=\"sm\"\u003eApproximate dimensions\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-start=\"24127\" data-end=\"24147\" data-col-size=\"md\"\u003e26 × 11 × 6.5 cm\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-start=\"24148\" data-end=\"24203\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-start=\"24148\" data-end=\"24163\" data-col-size=\"sm\"\u003eIntended use\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-start=\"24163\" data-end=\"24203\" data-col-size=\"md\"\u003eSupervised educational demonstration\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"24205\" data-end=\"24339\"\u003eProduct colours, toy-vehicle styles, component placement and wire routing may vary according to production and component availability.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 data-end=\"1498\" data-start=\"1459\" data-section-id=\"cdsp2y\"\u003eA Complete Guided Learning Experience\u003c\/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-end=\"1575\" data-start=\"1500\" data-section-id=\"1ck03rv\"\u003eWorking model, illustrated manual and video demonstration—all connected.\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"1740\" data-start=\"1577\"\u003eEvery Go Science Classroom Series kit is supported by a guided learning experience that helps students understand, observe, test and confidently explain the model.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"1770\" data-start=\"1742\"\u003eThis kit includes access to:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-end=\"2099\" data-start=\"1772\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"1823\" data-start=\"1772\" data-section-id=\"12k1qd3\"\u003eA detailed full-colour digital instruction manual\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"1860\" data-start=\"1824\" data-section-id=\"1qrzs62\"\u003eIllustrated component explanations\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"1898\" data-start=\"1861\" data-section-id=\"1upmqzk\"\u003eStep-by-step demonstration guidance\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"1940\" data-start=\"1899\" data-section-id=\"1j0us4n\"\u003eA dedicated working video demonstration\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"1982\" data-start=\"1941\" data-section-id=\"1p0ig0z\"\u003eQR access to digital learning resources\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"2024\" data-start=\"1983\" data-section-id=\"zptwl2\"\u003eObservation and troubleshooting support\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"2054\" data-start=\"2025\" data-section-id=\"1rcsa7k\"\u003eSafety and storage guidance\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"2070\" data-start=\"2055\" data-section-id=\"1rf3i7h\"\u003eConcept recap\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"2099\" data-start=\"2071\" data-section-id=\"1jejhsj\"\u003eCertificate of Achievement\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"2159\" data-start=\"2101\"\u003eThe learning journey is designed to take students through:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"2241\" data-start=\"2161\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-end=\"2241\" data-start=\"2161\"\u003eExplore → Understand → Watch → Prepare → Test → Observe → Explain → Complete\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"2450\" data-start=\"2243\"\u003eStudents can study the working principle through the manual, watch the physical model in action and then use both resources while preparing for a classroom presentation, school project or science exhibition.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 data-end=\"2503\" data-start=\"2457\" data-section-id=\"uc35dk\"\u003eDetailed Full-Colour Digital Manual Included\u003c\/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-end=\"2552\" data-start=\"2505\" data-section-id=\"1tkyk09\"\u003eScan, learn and demonstrate with confidence.\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"2717\" data-start=\"2554\"\u003eA QR code supplied with the kit provides access to a dedicated digital instruction and learning manual created specifically for the Obstacle Detection Alarm model.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"2801\" data-start=\"2719\"\u003eStudents can open the manual on a phone, tablet or computer and revisit it during:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-end=\"3015\" data-start=\"2803\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"2824\" data-start=\"2803\" data-section-id=\"xwutus\"\u003eProject preparation\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"2851\" data-start=\"2825\" data-section-id=\"8wns25\"\u003eComponent identification\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"2872\" data-start=\"2852\" data-section-id=\"12uzkgd\"\u003eClassroom learning\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"2894\" data-start=\"2873\" data-section-id=\"12y2z1m\"\u003eDemonstration setup\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"2924\" data-start=\"2895\" data-section-id=\"1bnwkld\"\u003eScience-exhibition practice\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"2949\" data-start=\"2925\" data-section-id=\"1vdr806\"\u003eProject-report writing\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"2968\" data-start=\"2950\" data-section-id=\"15rfreh\"\u003eViva preparation\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"2986\" data-start=\"2969\" data-section-id=\"z1z1u8\"\u003eTroubleshooting\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"3015\" data-start=\"2987\" data-section-id=\"1j1lfo5\"\u003eRevision and concept recap\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"3118\" data-start=\"3017\"\u003eThe current manual contains \u003cstrong data-end=\"3079\" data-start=\"3045\"\u003e16 colourful illustrated pages\u003c\/strong\u003e covering the complete project journey.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"3132\" data-start=\"3120\"\u003eIt includes:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-end=\"3566\" data-start=\"3134\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"3182\" data-start=\"3134\" data-section-id=\"1h3u7eh\"\u003eA visual introduction to the road-safety model\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"3223\" data-start=\"3183\" data-section-id=\"8kwack\"\u003eA complete guide to the included parts\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"3268\" data-start=\"3224\" data-section-id=\"1i4iu2b\"\u003eIR sensor and reflected-light explanations\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"3314\" data-start=\"3269\" data-section-id=\"ebgiaa\"\u003eRelay, buzzer and protection-diode concepts\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"3356\" data-start=\"3315\" data-section-id=\"ud2ks3\"\u003eThe complete obstacle-to-alert sequence\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"3401\" data-start=\"3357\" data-section-id=\"13xz5r8\"\u003eIllustrated setup and testing instructions\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"3444\" data-start=\"3402\" data-section-id=\"78wi33\"\u003eObservation and troubleshooting guidance\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"3476\" data-start=\"3445\" data-section-id=\"1ulkd50\"\u003eStorage and care instructions\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"3506\" data-start=\"3477\" data-section-id=\"15yuguy\"\u003eEducational-use limitations\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"3527\" data-start=\"3507\" data-section-id=\"3jflu\"\u003eConcept checkpoint\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"3566\" data-start=\"3528\" data-section-id=\"1h10354\"\u003ePrintable Certificate of Achievement\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"3892\" data-start=\"3568\"\u003eThe component guide appears on pages 5–6, the complete “invisible chain reaction” on page 7, illustrated setup and testing on pages 8–10, troubleshooting on page 11, storage and educational-use guidance on page 12, concept recap on page 13 and the Certificate of Achievement on page 15.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 data-end=\"3942\" data-start=\"3899\" data-section-id=\"19mroy9\"\u003eStep-by-Step Video Demonstration Included\u003c\/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-end=\"3998\" data-start=\"3944\" data-section-id=\"1v1ehjk\"\u003eWatch the actual model before running the activity.\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"4136\" data-start=\"4000\"\u003eEvery kit also includes access to a dedicated video demonstration showing the physical product, its components and its working sequence.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"4177\" data-start=\"4138\"\u003eThe uploaded demonstration video shows:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-end=\"4475\" data-start=\"4179\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"4202\" data-start=\"4179\" data-section-id=\"1sk20o5\"\u003eThe product packaging\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"4228\" data-start=\"4203\" data-section-id=\"xukvc3\"\u003eThe printed road layout\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"4261\" data-start=\"4229\" data-section-id=\"j90kbu\"\u003eThe IR sensor-equipped toy car\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"4298\" data-start=\"4262\" data-section-id=\"wrry91\"\u003eThe toy truck used as the obstacle\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"4329\" data-start=\"4299\" data-section-id=\"5h1hao\"\u003eThe relay and buzzer section\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"4354\" data-start=\"4330\" data-section-id=\"108h6x6\"\u003eThe battery connection\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"4384\" data-start=\"4355\" data-section-id=\"26wmlm\"\u003ePositioning of the vehicles\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"4422\" data-start=\"4385\" data-section-id=\"1o9nv4e\"\u003eThe obstacle-approach demonstration\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"4454\" data-start=\"4423\" data-section-id=\"1bgt4n\"\u003eSensor and indicator response\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"4475\" data-start=\"4455\" data-section-id=\"mag7r8\"\u003eThe warning output\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"4528\" data-start=\"4477\"\u003eThe video can be accessed in three convenient ways:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 data-end=\"4549\" data-start=\"4530\" data-section-id=\"1nmiu3p\"\u003eProduct Gallery\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"4734\" data-start=\"4551\"\u003eThe demonstration video is placed alongside the product images on the Go Science product page, allowing parents, teachers and students to see the actual model working before purchase.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 data-end=\"4766\" data-start=\"4736\" data-section-id=\"1iuekfw\"\u003eGo Science YouTube Channel\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"4890\" data-start=\"4768\"\u003eThe video is also available through the official Go Science YouTube presence for convenient viewing, sharing and revision.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 data-end=\"4918\" data-start=\"4892\" data-section-id=\"mu6kxf\"\u003eQR Code on the Kit Box\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"5074\" data-start=\"4920\"\u003eA QR code on the side of the product box provides quick access to the video demonstration whenever students need to revisit the setup or working sequence.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"5120\" data-start=\"5076\"\u003eThis creates a continuous guided experience:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"5172\" data-start=\"5122\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-end=\"5172\" data-start=\"5122\"\u003eScan → Watch → Prepare → Demonstrate → Rewatch\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"5268\" data-start=\"5174\"\u003eInternet access and a compatible QR-scanning device are required to open the online resources.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 data-end=\"5305\" data-start=\"5275\" data-section-id=\"1mkj14i\"\u003eThe Invisible Chain Reaction\u003c\/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-end=\"5363\" data-start=\"5307\" data-section-id=\"lpmhqp\"\u003eExplore how reflected light becomes an audible alert.\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"5439\" data-start=\"5365\"\u003eThe model presents obstacle detection as one connected electronic process.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"5638\" data-start=\"5441\"\u003eThe IR module emits invisible infrared light in the direction of travel. When a vehicle or obstacle enters the sensing area, part of that light reflects from the object and returns to the receiver.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"5824\" data-start=\"5640\"\u003eThe onboard comparator evaluates the reflected-light response against the selected threshold. When the response crosses that threshold, the module sends a digital trigger to the relay.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"5901\" data-start=\"5826\"\u003eThe relay then completes the buzzer circuit and produces the warning alert.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"5943\" data-start=\"5903\"\u003eStudents can trace the complete pathway:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"6044\" data-start=\"5945\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-end=\"6044\" data-start=\"5945\"\u003eIR Emitter → Approaching Obstacle → Reflected IR Light → Receiver → Comparator → Relay → Buzzer\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"6195\" data-start=\"6046\"\u003eEach stage performs a specific function, helping students understand how several electronic components work together to create an automatic response.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 data-end=\"6236\" data-start=\"6202\" data-section-id=\"c01vee\"\u003ePre-Wired for Direct Exploration\u003c\/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-end=\"6282\" data-start=\"6238\" data-section-id=\"1sfjur0\"\u003eBegin with a complete working foundation.\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"6445\" data-start=\"6284\"\u003eThe IR sensor, comparator, relay module, active buzzer, protection diode, battery connector and circuit connections are arranged as one pre-wired working system.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"6513\" data-start=\"6447\"\u003eThis allows students to move directly into meaningful exploration:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-end=\"7058\" data-start=\"6515\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"6575\" data-start=\"6515\" data-section-id=\"fzz3zb\"\u003eObserve invisible-light sensing through its visible output\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"6622\" data-start=\"6576\" data-section-id=\"op5uuk\"\u003eMove the vehicle through different positions\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"6673\" data-start=\"6623\" data-section-id=\"9rh0gs\"\u003eIdentify when the detection threshold is crossed\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"6714\" data-start=\"6674\" data-section-id=\"b1hco6\"\u003eFollow the signal from sensor to relay\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"6761\" data-start=\"6715\" data-section-id=\"17saoxt\"\u003eHear the relay’s mechanical switching action\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"6792\" data-start=\"6762\" data-section-id=\"1e7my4p\"\u003eListen to the warning buzzer\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"6834\" data-start=\"6793\" data-section-id=\"g8mkjy\"\u003eRun repeated approach-and-retreat tests\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"6873\" data-start=\"6835\" data-section-id=\"5iszk1\"\u003eCompare different obstacle positions\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"6907\" data-start=\"6874\" data-section-id=\"5g6rvc\"\u003eRecord and explain observations\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"6952\" data-start=\"6908\" data-section-id=\"1e0klda\"\u003eExplore the effect of threshold adjustment\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"6994\" data-start=\"6953\" data-section-id=\"1uldjfb\"\u003eTroubleshoot changes in sensor response\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"7058\" data-start=\"6995\" data-section-id=\"1w9qg5l\"\u003eConnect the model with wider mobility and automation concepts\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"7088\" data-start=\"7060\"\u003eThe model is designed to be:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"7160\" data-start=\"7090\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-end=\"7160\" data-start=\"7090\"\u003eObserved → Tested → Retested → Understood → Explained → Built Upon\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 data-end=\"7202\" data-start=\"7167\" data-section-id=\"19y3zfv\"\u003eWatch the Complete System Respond\u003c\/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-end=\"7225\" data-start=\"7204\" data-section-id=\"17a2hn7\"\u003e1. Power the Model\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"7296\" data-start=\"7227\"\u003eConnect a fresh 9V battery using the supplied battery snap connector.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"7381\" data-start=\"7298\"\u003eThe sensor and relay system receive power, and the module indicator may illuminate.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-end=\"7408\" data-start=\"7383\" data-section-id=\"ddo41f\"\u003e2. Emit Infrared Light\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"7485\" data-start=\"7410\"\u003eThe IR obstacle sensor continuously sends invisible infrared light forward.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"7612\" data-start=\"7487\"\u003eAlthough this light cannot be seen by the human eye, its effect can be observed through the electronic response of the model.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-end=\"7644\" data-start=\"7614\" data-section-id=\"7q6yb\"\u003e3. Move the Vehicle Forward\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"7771\" data-start=\"7646\"\u003ePlace the included toy truck or obstacle ahead on the printed road and move the IR sensor-equipped toy car slowly towards it.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-end=\"7800\" data-start=\"7773\" data-section-id=\"17ol7ra\"\u003e4. Detect the Reflection\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"7924\" data-start=\"7802\"\u003eAs the vehicles move closer, infrared light reflects from the obstacle and returns to the receiving element of the sensor.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-end=\"7952\" data-start=\"7926\" data-section-id=\"vkaeg3\"\u003e5. Compare the Response\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"8071\" data-start=\"7954\"\u003eThe onboard comparator evaluates the received reflection against the threshold selected using its adjustment control.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-end=\"8096\" data-start=\"8073\" data-section-id=\"1uoiscf\"\u003e6. Trigger the Relay\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"8199\" data-start=\"8098\"\u003eWhen the response crosses the selected threshold, the sensor’s digital output activates the 5V relay.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"8266\" data-start=\"8201\"\u003eStudents may hear a clear mechanical click as the relay switches.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-end=\"8291\" data-start=\"8268\" data-section-id=\"17rtfpo\"\u003e7. Sound the Warning\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"8339\" data-start=\"8293\"\u003eThe relay completes the active-buzzer circuit.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"8420\" data-start=\"8341\"\u003eThe buzzer produces an audible warning representing a collision-alert response.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-end=\"8447\" data-start=\"8422\" data-section-id=\"15htj4i\"\u003e8. Move Away and Reset\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"8580\" data-start=\"8449\"\u003eWhen the car is moved backwards and the obstacle leaves the detection zone, the reflected-light response falls below the threshold.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"8622\" data-start=\"8582\"\u003eThe relay releases and the buzzer stops.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"8649\" data-start=\"8624\"\u003eThe complete sequence is:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"8718\" data-start=\"8651\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-end=\"8718\" data-start=\"8651\"\u003eApproach → Detect → Compare → Switch → Warn → Move Away → Reset\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"8888\" data-start=\"8720\"\u003eThe supplied manual and packaging confirm this obstacle-triggered relay and buzzer sequence.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 data-end=\"8927\" data-start=\"8895\" data-section-id=\"kg0ove\"\u003eExplore the IR Obstacle Sensor\u003c\/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-end=\"8994\" data-start=\"8929\" data-section-id=\"10z948o\"\u003eDiscover how invisible light can detect an approaching object.\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"9054\" data-start=\"8996\"\u003eThe sensor module contains two important optical elements:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-end=\"9122\" data-start=\"9056\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"9081\" data-start=\"9056\" data-section-id=\"1spe9jk\"\u003eAn \u003cstrong data-end=\"9081\" data-start=\"9061\"\u003einfrared emitter\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"9122\" data-start=\"9082\" data-section-id=\"gjl17x\"\u003eAn \u003cstrong data-end=\"9122\" data-start=\"9087\"\u003einfrared receiver or photodiode\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"9282\" data-start=\"9124\"\u003eThe emitter sends infrared light towards the space in front of the vehicle. When an obstacle is present, some of the light reflects back towards the receiver.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"9367\" data-start=\"9284\"\u003eThe sensor module converts this reflected-light response into an electronic signal.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"9390\" data-start=\"9369\"\u003eStudents can explore:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-end=\"9648\" data-start=\"9392\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"9408\" data-start=\"9392\" data-section-id=\"1vl9dp3\"\u003eInfrared light\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"9446\" data-start=\"9409\" data-section-id=\"1mzu1oa\"\u003eInvisible electromagnetic radiation\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"9463\" data-start=\"9447\" data-section-id=\"doy14v\"\u003eLight emission\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"9476\" data-start=\"9464\" data-section-id=\"1ieimdr\"\u003eReflection\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"9497\" data-start=\"9477\" data-section-id=\"5hzlbg\"\u003ePhotodiode sensing\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"9519\" data-start=\"9498\" data-section-id=\"vhdc1e\"\u003eProximity detection\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"9535\" data-start=\"9520\" data-section-id=\"2rubkr\"\u003eSensor inputs\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"9560\" data-start=\"9536\" data-section-id=\"1w89n5f\"\u003eEnvironmental response\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"9593\" data-start=\"9561\" data-section-id=\"oed5wi\"\u003eCause-and-effect relationships\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"9648\" data-start=\"9594\" data-section-id=\"twvsw1\"\u003eConverting reflected light into an electronic output\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"9743\" data-start=\"9650\"\u003eThe module detects reflected infrared light rather than directly measuring an exact distance.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"9780\" data-start=\"9745\"\u003eIts response can vary according to:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-end=\"9966\" data-start=\"9782\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"9799\" data-start=\"9782\" data-section-id=\"1askz5q\"\u003eObject distance\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"9813\" data-start=\"9800\" data-section-id=\"uebjug\"\u003eObject size\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"9830\" data-start=\"9814\" data-section-id=\"18fjvsl\"\u003eSurface colour\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"9847\" data-start=\"9831\" data-section-id=\"15baeha\"\u003eSurface finish\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"9867\" data-start=\"9848\" data-section-id=\"vohkie\"\u003eAngle of approach\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"9886\" data-start=\"9868\" data-section-id=\"1ehmgld\"\u003eSensor alignment\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"9913\" data-start=\"9887\" data-section-id=\"1hxu72a\"\u003eBright surrounding light\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"9946\" data-start=\"9914\" data-section-id=\"gk3yx\"\u003eComparator sensitivity setting\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"9966\" data-start=\"9947\" data-section-id=\"2stphy\"\u003eBattery condition\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"10035\" data-start=\"9968\"\u003eThis makes the model useful for observation and controlled testing.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 data-end=\"10078\" data-start=\"10042\" data-section-id=\"1gkamlt\"\u003eDiscover Threshold-Based Detection\u003c\/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-end=\"10141\" data-start=\"10080\" data-section-id=\"1rsznio\"\u003eSee how a selected response level becomes a trigger point.\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"10223\" data-start=\"10143\"\u003eThe IR module includes an onboard comparator and adjustable sensitivity control.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"10395\" data-start=\"10225\"\u003eThe receiver’s reflected-light response may change gradually as an obstacle moves closer. The comparator determines when that response has crossed the selected threshold.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"10418\" data-start=\"10397\"\u003eStudents can observe:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-end=\"10616\" data-start=\"10420\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"10458\" data-start=\"10420\" data-section-id=\"emndvd\"\u003eThe sensor receiving reflected light\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"10497\" data-start=\"10459\" data-section-id=\"39c0yv\"\u003eThe comparator checking the response\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"10528\" data-start=\"10498\" data-section-id=\"qncnt0\"\u003eThe indicator changing state\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"10570\" data-start=\"10529\" data-section-id=\"9p2ofq\"\u003eThe digital output triggering the relay\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"10616\" data-start=\"10571\" data-section-id=\"p226is\"\u003eThe buzzer activating at the selected point\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"10702\" data-start=\"10618\"\u003eUnder adult or teacher guidance, small threshold adjustments may be used to explore:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-end=\"10973\" data-start=\"10704\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"10751\" data-start=\"10704\" data-section-id=\"jav8ee\"\u003eWhy the warning may activate earlier or later\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"10798\" data-start=\"10752\" data-section-id=\"17j6b6l\"\u003eHow ambient light can influence the response\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"10849\" data-start=\"10799\" data-section-id=\"3p5ah2\"\u003eHow different obstacle surfaces affect detection\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"10880\" data-start=\"10850\" data-section-id=\"k5i12n\"\u003eWhy sensor alignment matters\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"10931\" data-start=\"10881\" data-section-id=\"wfkkcl\"\u003eWhy only one setting should be changed at a time\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"10973\" data-start=\"10932\" data-section-id=\"gzi4ez\"\u003eHow the model can be reset and retested\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"11073\" data-start=\"10975\"\u003eThis is a threshold-response demonstration and does not display the obstacle distance numerically.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 data-end=\"11111\" data-start=\"11080\" data-section-id=\"1jaeis2\"\u003eExplore Relay-Based Switching\u003c\/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-end=\"11177\" data-start=\"11113\" data-section-id=\"1rcihbx\"\u003eHear an electronic signal become a physical switching action.\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"11258\" data-start=\"11179\"\u003eThe model includes a 5V relay between the sensor output and the buzzer circuit.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"11419\" data-start=\"11260\"\u003eWhen the IR module sends the trigger signal, the relay’s internal electromagnetic coil activates. Its contacts change position and complete the output circuit.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"11442\" data-start=\"11421\"\u003eStudents can explore:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-end=\"11721\" data-start=\"11444\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"11468\" data-start=\"11444\" data-section-id=\"xtcmps\"\u003eElectromagnetic relays\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"11482\" data-start=\"11469\" data-section-id=\"1784yj5\"\u003eRelay coils\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"11501\" data-start=\"11483\" data-section-id=\"1uowsky\"\u003eCommon terminals\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"11526\" data-start=\"11502\" data-section-id=\"1loylah\"\u003eNormally Open contacts\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"11562\" data-start=\"11527\" data-section-id=\"1vb81gr\"\u003eElectrically controlled switching\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"11592\" data-start=\"11563\" data-section-id=\"tfjkun\"\u003eMechanical switching action\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"11620\" data-start=\"11593\" data-section-id=\"1g0id1x\"\u003eSensor-controlled outputs\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"11655\" data-start=\"11621\" data-section-id=\"1e5hjna\"\u003eInput, control and output stages\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"11693\" data-start=\"11656\" data-section-id=\"1mqddm8\"\u003eHow one circuit can operate another\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"11721\" data-start=\"11694\" data-section-id=\"1jo3rex\"\u003eAutomatic warning systems\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"11842\" data-start=\"11723\"\u003eThe relay’s indicator and mechanical click provide visible and audible evidence that the switching stage has responded.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 data-end=\"11878\" data-start=\"11849\" data-section-id=\"1x4ls0c\"\u003eReverse-Polarity Protection\u003c\/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-end=\"11939\" data-start=\"11880\" data-section-id=\"1hc7053\"\u003eExplore how a diode helps protect the electronic system.\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"12015\" data-start=\"11941\"\u003eThe model includes an inline protection diode within the power connection.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"12238\" data-start=\"12017\"\u003eA diode allows current to flow primarily in one direction. If the battery is accidentally connected with reversed polarity, the diode helps block the incorrect current path and protect the sensitive electronic components.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"12261\" data-start=\"12240\"\u003eStudents can explore:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-end=\"12466\" data-start=\"12263\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"12295\" data-start=\"12263\" data-section-id=\"1cb3pnz\"\u003ePositive and negative polarity\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"12323\" data-start=\"12296\" data-section-id=\"11opif3\"\u003eDirection of current flow\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"12347\" data-start=\"12324\" data-section-id=\"19kr6iw\"\u003eBasic diode behaviour\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"12377\" data-start=\"12348\" data-section-id=\"1oumn2a\"\u003eReverse-polarity protection\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"12405\" data-start=\"12378\" data-section-id=\"pr26cn\"\u003eCircuit-protection design\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"12466\" data-start=\"12406\" data-section-id=\"p6z9wy\"\u003eWhy electronic systems require correct battery orientation\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"12645\" data-start=\"12468\"\u003eThe diode provides an additional protective feature. The battery should still always be connected carefully and in the correct orientation.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 data-end=\"12695\" data-start=\"12652\" data-section-id=\"kzdfrs\"\u003eUnderstand the Complete Functional System\u003c\/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"TyagGW_tableContainer\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"group TyagGW_tableWrapper flex flex-col-reverse w-fit\" tabindex=\"-1\"\u003e\n\u003ctable class=\"w-fit min-w-(--thread-content-width)\" data-end=\"13596\" data-start=\"12697\"\u003e\n\u003cthead data-end=\"12736\" data-start=\"12697\"\u003e\n\u003ctr data-end=\"12736\" data-start=\"12697\"\u003e\n\u003cth class=\"last:pe-10\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-end=\"12712\" data-start=\"12697\"\u003eSystem stage\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003cth class=\"last:pe-10\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-end=\"12724\" data-start=\"12712\"\u003eComponent\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003cth class=\"last:pe-10\" data-col-size=\"md\" data-end=\"12736\" data-start=\"12724\"\u003eFunction\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/thead\u003e\n\u003ctbody data-end=\"13596\" data-start=\"12751\"\u003e\n\u003ctr data-end=\"12821\" data-start=\"12751\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-col-size=\"sm\" data-end=\"12766\" data-start=\"12751\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-end=\"12765\" data-start=\"12753\"\u003eEmission\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-col-size=\"sm\" data-end=\"12779\" data-start=\"12766\"\u003eIR emitter\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-col-size=\"md\" data-end=\"12821\" data-start=\"12779\"\u003eSends invisible infrared light forward\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-end=\"12900\" data-start=\"12822\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-col-size=\"sm\" data-end=\"12839\" data-start=\"12822\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-end=\"12838\" data-start=\"12824\"\u003eReflection\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-col-size=\"sm\" data-end=\"12862\" data-start=\"12839\"\u003eApproaching obstacle\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-col-size=\"md\" data-end=\"12900\" data-start=\"12862\"\u003eReflects part of the emitted light\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-end=\"12966\" data-start=\"12901\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-col-size=\"sm\" data-end=\"12913\" data-start=\"12901\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-end=\"12912\" data-start=\"12903\"\u003eInput\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-col-size=\"sm\" data-end=\"12927\" data-start=\"12913\"\u003eIR receiver\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-col-size=\"md\" data-end=\"12966\" data-start=\"12927\"\u003eDetects the returned infrared light\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-end=\"13059\" data-start=\"12967\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-col-size=\"sm\" data-end=\"12984\" data-start=\"12967\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-end=\"12983\" data-start=\"12969\"\u003eComparison\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-col-size=\"sm\" data-end=\"13005\" data-start=\"12984\"\u003eOnboard comparator\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-col-size=\"md\" data-end=\"13059\" data-start=\"13005\"\u003eChecks the response against the selected threshold\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-end=\"13124\" data-start=\"13060\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-col-size=\"sm\" data-end=\"13073\" data-start=\"13060\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-end=\"13072\" data-start=\"13062\"\u003eSignal\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-col-size=\"sm\" data-end=\"13090\" data-start=\"13073\"\u003eDigital output\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-col-size=\"md\" data-end=\"13124\" data-start=\"13090\"\u003eSends the trigger to the relay\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-end=\"13191\" data-start=\"13125\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-col-size=\"sm\" data-end=\"13141\" data-start=\"13125\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-end=\"13140\" data-start=\"13127\"\u003eSwitching\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-col-size=\"sm\" data-end=\"13159\" data-start=\"13141\"\u003e5V relay module\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-col-size=\"md\" data-end=\"13191\" data-start=\"13159\"\u003eCompletes the buzzer circuit\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-end=\"13253\" data-start=\"13192\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-col-size=\"sm\" data-end=\"13205\" data-start=\"13192\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-end=\"13204\" data-start=\"13194\"\u003eOutput\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-col-size=\"sm\" data-end=\"13221\" data-start=\"13205\"\u003eActive buzzer\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-col-size=\"md\" data-end=\"13253\" data-start=\"13221\"\u003eProduces the audible warning\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-end=\"13335\" data-start=\"13254\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-col-size=\"sm\" data-end=\"13271\" data-start=\"13254\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-end=\"13270\" data-start=\"13256\"\u003eProtection\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-col-size=\"sm\" data-end=\"13286\" data-start=\"13271\"\u003eInline diode\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-col-size=\"md\" data-end=\"13335\" data-start=\"13286\"\u003eHelps guard against reversed battery polarity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-end=\"13402\" data-start=\"13336\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-col-size=\"sm\" data-end=\"13348\" data-start=\"13336\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-end=\"13347\" data-start=\"13338\"\u003ePower\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-col-size=\"sm\" data-end=\"13361\" data-start=\"13348\"\u003e9V battery\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-col-size=\"md\" data-end=\"13402\" data-start=\"13361\"\u003eSupplies energy for the demonstration\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-end=\"13496\" data-start=\"13403\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-col-size=\"sm\" data-end=\"13417\" data-start=\"13403\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-end=\"13416\" data-start=\"13405\"\u003eContext\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-col-size=\"sm\" data-end=\"13446\" data-start=\"13417\"\u003eRoad base and toy vehicles\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-col-size=\"md\" data-end=\"13496\" data-start=\"13446\"\u003ePresent the collision-warning concept visually\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-end=\"13596\" data-start=\"13497\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-col-size=\"sm\" data-end=\"13520\" data-start=\"13497\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-end=\"13519\" data-start=\"13499\"\u003eLearning support\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-col-size=\"sm\" data-end=\"13539\" data-start=\"13520\"\u003eManual and video\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-col-size=\"md\" data-end=\"13596\" data-start=\"13539\"\u003eGuide setup, testing, explanation and troubleshooting\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ch1 data-end=\"13650\" data-start=\"13603\" data-section-id=\"ettvc3\"\u003eA Road-Safety Context Students Can Understand\u003c\/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-end=\"13711\" data-start=\"13652\" data-section-id=\"129fwdi\"\u003eConnect sensing technology with safer-mobility concepts.\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"13808\" data-start=\"13713\"\u003eThe printed road layout and two toy vehicles provide a clear context for the electronic system.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"13877\" data-start=\"13810\"\u003eEach element represents a stage within a collision-warning concept:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-end=\"14311\" data-start=\"13879\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"13943\" data-start=\"13879\" data-section-id=\"1eyhbrz\"\u003eThe \u003cstrong data-end=\"13908\" data-start=\"13885\"\u003esensor-equipped car\u003c\/strong\u003e represents the monitoring vehicle.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"13999\" data-start=\"13944\" data-section-id=\"1e9zdsh\"\u003eThe \u003cstrong data-end=\"13963\" data-start=\"13950\"\u003etoy truck\u003c\/strong\u003e represents an approaching obstacle.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"14051\" data-start=\"14000\" data-section-id=\"r4mf8j\"\u003eThe \u003cstrong data-end=\"14019\" data-start=\"14006\"\u003eIR module\u003c\/strong\u003e represents the detection stage.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"14105\" data-start=\"14052\" data-section-id=\"dea3jf\"\u003eThe \u003cstrong data-end=\"14072\" data-start=\"14058\"\u003ecomparator\u003c\/strong\u003e represents the trigger decision.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"14163\" data-start=\"14106\" data-section-id=\"16i2iv5\"\u003eThe \u003cstrong data-end=\"14121\" data-start=\"14112\"\u003erelay\u003c\/strong\u003e represents the automatic switching stage.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"14211\" data-start=\"14164\" data-section-id=\"zfph3w\"\u003eThe \u003cstrong data-end=\"14180\" data-start=\"14170\"\u003ebuzzer\u003c\/strong\u003e represents the warning output.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"14267\" data-start=\"14212\" data-section-id=\"1ijskjl\"\u003eThe \u003cstrong data-end=\"14233\" data-start=\"14218\"\u003eroad layout\u003c\/strong\u003e provides the application context.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"14311\" data-start=\"14268\" data-section-id=\"tqqd5u\"\u003eThe \u003cstrong data-end=\"14285\" data-start=\"14274\"\u003ebattery\u003c\/strong\u003e powers the demonstration.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"14353\" data-start=\"14313\"\u003eThis arrangement helps students explain:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-end=\"14616\" data-start=\"14355\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"14395\" data-start=\"14355\" data-section-id=\"179k9c5\"\u003eHow the system observes the road ahead\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"14429\" data-start=\"14396\" data-section-id=\"1fhptx0\"\u003eHow reflected light is detected\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"14471\" data-start=\"14430\" data-section-id=\"vs3g5o\"\u003eHow a threshold creates a trigger point\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"14509\" data-start=\"14472\" data-section-id=\"vmy81f\"\u003eHow the warning output is activated\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"14557\" data-start=\"14510\" data-section-id=\"apg1zm\"\u003eHow sensing can support road-safety awareness\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"14616\" data-start=\"14558\" data-section-id=\"d758b7\"\u003eHow several components operate as one coordinated system\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"14692\" data-start=\"14618\"\u003eThe model demonstrates \u003cstrong data-end=\"14668\" data-start=\"14641\"\u003ecollision-warning logic\u003c\/strong\u003e in a classroom context.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 data-end=\"14725\" data-start=\"14699\" data-section-id=\"z0ux1z\"\u003eTest. Observe. Discover.\u003c\/h1\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"14812\" data-start=\"14727\"\u003eThe model supports several controlled investigations using the included toy vehicles.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-end=\"14842\" data-start=\"14814\" data-section-id=\"1l0v7db\"\u003eApproach-and-Retreat Test\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"14897\" data-start=\"14844\"\u003ePlace the toy truck ahead of the sensor-equipped car.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"15003\" data-start=\"14899\"\u003eMove the car slowly forward until the warning activates. Then move it backwards until the warning stops.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"TyagGW_tableContainer\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"group TyagGW_tableWrapper flex flex-col-reverse w-fit\" tabindex=\"-1\"\u003e\n\u003ctable class=\"w-fit min-w-(--thread-content-width)\" data-end=\"15236\" data-start=\"15005\"\u003e\n\u003cthead data-end=\"15086\" data-start=\"15005\"\u003e\n\u003ctr data-end=\"15086\" data-start=\"15005\"\u003e\n\u003cth class=\"last:pe-10\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-end=\"15012\" data-start=\"15005\"\u003eTest\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003cth class=\"last:pe-10\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-end=\"15031\" data-start=\"15012\"\u003eVehicle movement\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003cth class=\"last:pe-10\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-end=\"15050\" data-start=\"15031\"\u003eSensor indicator\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003cth class=\"last:pe-10\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-end=\"15067\" data-start=\"15050\"\u003eRelay response\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003cth class=\"last:pe-10\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-end=\"15086\" data-start=\"15067\"\u003eBuzzer response\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/thead\u003e\n\u003ctbody data-end=\"15236\" data-start=\"15109\"\u003e\n\u003ctr data-end=\"15143\" data-start=\"15109\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-col-size=\"sm\" data-end=\"15113\" data-start=\"15109\"\u003e1\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-col-size=\"sm\" data-end=\"15133\" data-start=\"15113\"\u003eFar from obstacle\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-col-size=\"sm\" data-end=\"15136\" data-start=\"15133\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-col-size=\"sm\" data-end=\"15139\" data-start=\"15136\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-col-size=\"sm\" data-end=\"15143\" data-start=\"15139\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-end=\"15174\" data-start=\"15144\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-col-size=\"sm\" data-end=\"15148\" data-start=\"15144\"\u003e2\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-col-size=\"sm\" data-end=\"15164\" data-start=\"15148\"\u003eMoving closer\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-col-size=\"sm\" data-end=\"15167\" data-start=\"15164\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-col-size=\"sm\" data-end=\"15170\" data-start=\"15167\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-col-size=\"sm\" data-end=\"15174\" data-start=\"15170\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-end=\"15207\" data-start=\"15175\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-col-size=\"sm\" data-end=\"15179\" data-start=\"15175\"\u003e3\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-col-size=\"sm\" data-end=\"15197\" data-start=\"15179\"\u003eDetection point\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-col-size=\"sm\" data-end=\"15200\" data-start=\"15197\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-col-size=\"sm\" data-end=\"15203\" data-start=\"15200\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-col-size=\"sm\" data-end=\"15207\" data-start=\"15203\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr data-end=\"15236\" data-start=\"15208\"\u003e\n\u003ctd data-col-size=\"sm\" data-end=\"15212\" data-start=\"15208\"\u003e4\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-col-size=\"sm\" data-end=\"15226\" data-start=\"15212\"\u003eMoving away\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-col-size=\"sm\" data-end=\"15229\" data-start=\"15226\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-col-size=\"sm\" data-end=\"15232\" data-start=\"15229\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-col-size=\"sm\" data-end=\"15236\" data-start=\"15232\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-end=\"15259\" data-start=\"15238\" data-section-id=\"1sczom\"\u003eRepeatability Test\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"15317\" data-start=\"15261\"\u003eRepeat the same approach using a similar path and speed.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"15391\" data-start=\"15319\"\u003eRecord whether the warning activates at approximately the same position.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-end=\"15415\" data-start=\"15393\" data-section-id=\"b13lge\"\u003eObstacle-Angle Test\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"15464\" data-start=\"15417\"\u003eTurn the obstacle slightly to different angles.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"15546\" data-start=\"15466\"\u003eObserve how the direction of the reflecting surface affects the sensor response.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-end=\"15574\" data-start=\"15548\" data-section-id=\"4zznxo\"\u003eSurface-Reflection Test\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"15652\" data-start=\"15576\"\u003eUnder teacher supervision, place different safe objects ahead of the sensor.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"15680\" data-start=\"15654\"\u003eCompare the response from:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-end=\"15804\" data-start=\"15682\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"15707\" data-start=\"15682\" data-section-id=\"1xgkw0k\"\u003eLight-coloured surfaces\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"15732\" data-start=\"15708\" data-section-id=\"faetcm\"\u003eDark-coloured surfaces\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"15750\" data-start=\"15733\" data-section-id=\"2785ho\"\u003eSmooth surfaces\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"15770\" data-start=\"15751\" data-section-id=\"rnq8tx\"\u003eTextured surfaces\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"15786\" data-start=\"15771\" data-section-id=\"fanno1\"\u003eFlat surfaces\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"15804\" data-start=\"15787\" data-section-id=\"1ejv5kt\"\u003eCurved surfaces\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"15917\" data-start=\"15806\"\u003eThis helps students understand that reflected-light sensors depend on the optical characteristics of an object.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-end=\"15947\" data-start=\"15919\" data-section-id=\"xpsgjw\"\u003eAmbient-Light Observation\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"16044\" data-start=\"15949\"\u003eCompare the model’s response in normal indoor lighting and near a bright window or direct lamp.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"16119\" data-start=\"16046\"\u003eBright light may influence the optical sensor and its threshold response.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-end=\"16147\" data-start=\"16121\" data-section-id=\"etvoll\"\u003eSensitivity Exploration\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"16232\" data-start=\"16149\"\u003eUnder adult or teacher supervision, make a small adjustment to the onboard trimmer.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"16301\" data-start=\"16234\"\u003eRepeat the approach test and observe how the trigger point changes.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"16384\" data-start=\"16303\"\u003eOnly small adjustments should be made, and the original position should be noted.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-end=\"16414\" data-start=\"16386\" data-section-id=\"6ow1gb\"\u003eSignal-Path Investigation\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"16448\" data-start=\"16416\"\u003eStudents can identify and trace:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-end=\"16601\" data-start=\"16450\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"16462\" data-start=\"16450\" data-section-id=\"1wiq5dx\"\u003eIR emitter\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"16476\" data-start=\"16463\" data-section-id=\"44n3sa\"\u003eIR receiver\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"16489\" data-start=\"16477\" data-section-id=\"a5w8ki\"\u003eComparator\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"16517\" data-start=\"16490\" data-section-id=\"1tlgbzq\"\u003eDigital-output connection\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"16531\" data-start=\"16518\" data-section-id=\"171fw4d\"\u003eRelay input\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"16548\" data-start=\"16532\" data-section-id=\"x8hby0\"\u003eRelay contacts\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"16565\" data-start=\"16549\" data-section-id=\"1adg1sr\"\u003eBuzzer circuit\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"16584\" data-start=\"16566\" data-section-id=\"eqhw7c\"\u003eProtection diode\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"16601\" data-start=\"16585\" data-section-id=\"6y3wxi\"\u003eBattery supply\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch1 data-end=\"16643\" data-start=\"16608\" data-section-id=\"st14a9\"\u003eLearn Through Every Demonstration\u003c\/h1\u003e\n\u003ch3 data-end=\"16654\" data-start=\"16645\" data-section-id=\"74yqa7\"\u003eWatch\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"16713\" data-start=\"16656\"\u003eReview the complete video demonstration before beginning.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 data-end=\"16726\" data-start=\"16715\" data-section-id=\"y9l8or\"\u003ePredict\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"16769\" data-start=\"16728\"\u003eAt what point might the warning activate?\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 data-end=\"16782\" data-start=\"16771\" data-section-id=\"y9uabr\"\u003ePrepare\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"16845\" data-start=\"16784\"\u003ePosition the vehicles and ensure the sensor pathway is clear.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 data-end=\"16855\" data-start=\"16847\" data-section-id=\"ynqv2o\"\u003eTest\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"16914\" data-start=\"16857\"\u003eMove the sensor-equipped car slowly towards the obstacle.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 data-end=\"16927\" data-start=\"16916\" data-section-id=\"sizzw\"\u003eObserve\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"16997\" data-start=\"16929\"\u003eWatch the indicator, listen for the relay click and hear the buzzer.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 data-end=\"17009\" data-start=\"16999\" data-section-id=\"pjpz2j\"\u003eRecord\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"17076\" data-start=\"17011\"\u003eDocument the obstacle type, position, angle and warning response.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 data-end=\"17089\" data-start=\"17078\" data-section-id=\"1ob2s0x\"\u003eCompare\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"17149\" data-start=\"17091\"\u003eRepeat the activity using different positions or surfaces.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 data-end=\"17162\" data-start=\"17151\" data-section-id=\"14mypyj\"\u003eAnalyse\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"17226\" data-start=\"17164\"\u003eExplain why the warning activated sooner, later or not at all.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 data-end=\"17244\" data-start=\"17228\" data-section-id=\"1bn6r32\"\u003eTroubleshoot\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"17334\" data-start=\"17246\"\u003eCheck the battery, ambient light, sensor alignment, sensitivity and visible connections.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 data-end=\"17347\" data-start=\"17336\" data-section-id=\"16njeap\"\u003eExplain\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"17406\" data-start=\"17349\"\u003eDescribe the complete reflected-light-to-warning pathway.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 data-end=\"17418\" data-start=\"17408\" data-section-id=\"gd19q8\"\u003eExtend\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"17518\" data-start=\"17420\"\u003eDevelop further questions about proximity sensing, robotics, mobility and automatic alert systems.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 data-end=\"17547\" data-start=\"17525\" data-section-id=\"1hhrn0b\"\u003eExplore Key Concepts\u003c\/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-end=\"17568\" data-start=\"17549\" data-section-id=\"x6fkr3\"\u003eInfrared Sensing\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul data-end=\"17684\" data-start=\"17570\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"17586\" data-start=\"17570\" data-section-id=\"1vl9dp3\"\u003eInfrared light\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"17608\" data-start=\"17587\" data-section-id=\"swbcy\"\u003eInvisible radiation\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"17622\" data-start=\"17609\" data-section-id=\"1n7h8gm\"\u003eIR emitters\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"17636\" data-start=\"17623\" data-section-id=\"1xzp8l0\"\u003ePhotodiodes\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"17664\" data-start=\"17637\" data-section-id=\"3s7kai\"\u003eReflected-light detection\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"17684\" data-start=\"17665\" data-section-id=\"ftct06\"\u003eProximity sensing\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-end=\"17708\" data-start=\"17686\" data-section-id=\"1yc2o4n\"\u003eElectronic Circuits\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul data-end=\"17821\" data-start=\"17710\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"17726\" data-start=\"17710\" data-section-id=\"c392pj\"\u003eSensor modules\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"17748\" data-start=\"17727\" data-section-id=\"1d81dvm\"\u003eComparator circuits\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"17772\" data-start=\"17749\" data-section-id=\"105elkr\"\u003eAdjustable thresholds\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"17789\" data-start=\"17773\" data-section-id=\"bkk33h\"\u003eDigital output\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"17804\" data-start=\"17790\" data-section-id=\"y1gkec\"\u003ePower supply\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"17821\" data-start=\"17805\" data-section-id=\"br6xl1\"\u003eAudible output\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-end=\"17841\" data-start=\"17823\" data-section-id=\"3x7uvo\"\u003eRelay Switching\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul data-end=\"17982\" data-start=\"17843\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"17866\" data-start=\"17843\" data-section-id=\"1pl9xbe\"\u003eElectromagnetic coils\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"17883\" data-start=\"17867\" data-section-id=\"x8hby0\"\u003eRelay contacts\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"17909\" data-start=\"17884\" data-section-id=\"a5wq4o\"\u003eNormally Open switching\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"17938\" data-start=\"17910\" data-section-id=\"1xdnvpt\"\u003eSignal-controlled circuits\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"17959\" data-start=\"17939\" data-section-id=\"14788d2\"\u003eAutomatic response\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"17982\" data-start=\"17960\" data-section-id=\"1kq8cnl\"\u003eMechanical switching\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-end=\"18005\" data-start=\"17984\" data-section-id=\"djhaj9\"\u003eCircuit Protection\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul data-end=\"18115\" data-start=\"18007\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"18025\" data-start=\"18007\" data-section-id=\"1nwhmwx\"\u003eBattery polarity\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"18043\" data-start=\"18026\" data-section-id=\"1xu5j9a\"\u003eDiode operation\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"18066\" data-start=\"18044\" data-section-id=\"v4eb4d\"\u003eDirection of current\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"18096\" data-start=\"18067\" data-section-id=\"1oumn2a\"\u003eReverse-polarity protection\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"18115\" data-start=\"18097\" data-section-id=\"84novv\"\u003eComponent safety\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-end=\"18140\" data-start=\"18117\" data-section-id=\"hctrlr\"\u003eRoad-Safety Concepts\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul data-end=\"18282\" data-start=\"18142\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"18162\" data-start=\"18142\" data-section-id=\"m75tk2\"\u003eObstacle awareness\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"18188\" data-start=\"18163\" data-section-id=\"7w4in\"\u003eCollision-warning logic\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"18217\" data-start=\"18189\" data-section-id=\"1v9dnda\"\u003eDriver-assistance concepts\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"18235\" data-start=\"18218\" data-section-id=\"1iktdqs\"\u003eWarning systems\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"18252\" data-start=\"18236\" data-section-id=\"k1zv4a\"\u003eSafer mobility\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"18282\" data-start=\"18253\" data-section-id=\"hbgglb\"\u003eSensor-assisted observation\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-end=\"18310\" data-start=\"18284\" data-section-id=\"bhz16e\"\u003ePractical Investigation\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul data-end=\"18440\" data-start=\"18312\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"18333\" data-start=\"18312\" data-section-id=\"hskyzl\"\u003eControlled movement\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"18349\" data-start=\"18334\" data-section-id=\"1at15ml\"\u003eRepeatability\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"18373\" data-start=\"18350\" data-section-id=\"1mss9di\"\u003eReflection comparison\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"18393\" data-start=\"18374\" data-section-id=\"prsr55\"\u003eThreshold testing\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"18422\" data-start=\"18394\" data-section-id=\"sggcpd\"\u003eCause-and-effect reasoning\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"18440\" data-start=\"18423\" data-section-id=\"z1z1u8\"\u003eTroubleshooting\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch1 data-end=\"18487\" data-start=\"18447\" data-section-id=\"1yowdg0\"\u003eOne Model. Multiple Learning Outcomes.\u003c\/h1\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"18530\" data-start=\"18489\"\u003eThe model allows students to explore how:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-end=\"19042\" data-start=\"18532\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"18586\" data-start=\"18532\" data-section-id=\"21a1lk\"\u003eInvisible infrared light can be emitted and detected\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"18635\" data-start=\"18587\" data-section-id=\"18xpndw\"\u003eAn obstacle can reflect light towards a sensor\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"18693\" data-start=\"18636\" data-section-id=\"nvou7i\"\u003eA photodiode converts light into an electronic response\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"18748\" data-start=\"18694\" data-section-id=\"1qv7zh9\"\u003eA comparator checks the response against a threshold\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"18785\" data-start=\"18749\" data-section-id=\"qoqvj9\"\u003eA digital signal activates a relay\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"18830\" data-start=\"18786\" data-section-id=\"kqqtax\"\u003eA relay switches a separate buzzer circuit\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"18881\" data-start=\"18831\" data-section-id=\"1l1n3kq\"\u003eA warning can reset when the obstacle moves away\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"18934\" data-start=\"18882\" data-section-id=\"11axwby\"\u003eObject position and surface affect optical sensing\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"18989\" data-start=\"18935\" data-section-id=\"1l6vxgj\"\u003eSeveral components operate as one coordinated system\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"19042\" data-start=\"18990\" data-section-id=\"1g8j5xd\"\u003eSensor technology can support road-safety concepts\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch1 data-end=\"19084\" data-start=\"19049\" data-section-id=\"1hdonrc\"\u003eBuilt for Confident Demonstration\u003c\/h1\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"19219\" data-start=\"19086\"\u003eThe visible road layout, included vehicles, relay response, warning buzzer and guided learning resources make the model suitable for:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-end=\"19648\" data-start=\"19221\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"19246\" data-start=\"19221\" data-section-id=\"cas5ce\"\u003eSchool science projects\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"19268\" data-start=\"19247\" data-section-id=\"kiq2zo\"\u003eScience exhibitions\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"19295\" data-start=\"19269\" data-section-id=\"1e0u4lr\"\u003eClassroom demonstrations\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"19322\" data-start=\"19296\" data-section-id=\"1jfdj8z\"\u003eIR sensor demonstrations\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"19355\" data-start=\"19323\" data-section-id=\"gkjo0y\"\u003eRelay-switching demonstrations\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"19385\" data-start=\"19356\" data-section-id=\"1c4nh5z\"\u003eReflected-light experiments\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"19413\" data-start=\"19386\" data-section-id=\"vbj85g\"\u003eRoad-safety presentations\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"19448\" data-start=\"19414\" data-section-id=\"1iq7lrh\"\u003eCollision-warning concept models\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"19478\" data-start=\"19449\" data-section-id=\"iejdeo\"\u003eSensor-circuit explanations\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"19511\" data-start=\"19479\" data-section-id=\"v7nswk\"\u003eProximity-detection activities\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"19527\" data-start=\"19512\" data-section-id=\"1v9xwk3\"\u003eSTEM learning\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"19551\" data-start=\"19528\" data-section-id=\"1nl6elw\"\u003eExperiential learning\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"19576\" data-start=\"19552\" data-section-id=\"1o2e6vp\"\u003eProject-based learning\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"19605\" data-start=\"19577\" data-section-id=\"4tplyf\"\u003eProject-report preparation\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"19634\" data-start=\"19606\" data-section-id=\"1o8392l\"\u003eViva and oral presentation\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"19648\" data-start=\"19635\" data-section-id=\"11hgo15\"\u003eGrades 7–12\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch1 data-end=\"19686\" data-start=\"19655\" data-section-id=\"14d3cd5\"\u003eSuggested Student Explanation\u003c\/h1\u003e\n\u003cblockquote data-end=\"20334\" data-start=\"19688\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"20334\" data-start=\"19690\"\u003e“This is an obstacle-detection and collision-warning working model using an infrared sensor. The sensor emits invisible infrared light in front of the vehicle. When an obstacle approaches, some of this light reflects back to the receiver. The comparator checks the reflected-light response against a selected threshold. When the threshold is crossed, the module sends a signal to the relay. The relay completes the buzzer circuit and produces a warning alert. When the vehicle moves away, the relay releases and the buzzer stops. The model demonstrates IR sensing, reflected light, threshold response, relay switching and road-safety concepts.”\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/blockquote\u003e\n\u003ch1 data-end=\"20368\" data-start=\"20341\" data-section-id=\"kts086\"\u003eBuild Upon the Foundation\u003c\/h1\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"20478\" data-start=\"20370\"\u003eOnce students understand the original obstacle-to-warning sequence, the model can inspire further questions:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-end=\"21117\" data-start=\"20480\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"20520\" data-start=\"20480\" data-section-id=\"pvc0p4\"\u003eCould an LED provide a visual warning?\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"20565\" data-start=\"20521\" data-section-id=\"jkjltl\"\u003eCould different warning stages be created?\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"20619\" data-start=\"20566\" data-section-id=\"6bae91\"\u003eCould the sensor response be displayed numerically?\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"20669\" data-start=\"20620\" data-section-id=\"ga4xo0\"\u003eCould two sensors monitor different directions?\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"20720\" data-start=\"20670\" data-section-id=\"1fjsldo\"\u003eCould a microcontroller record detection events?\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"20767\" data-start=\"20721\" data-section-id=\"1r8frb8\"\u003eCould a servo demonstrate steering response?\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"20816\" data-start=\"20768\" data-section-id=\"uf1rcv\"\u003eCould a model motor demonstrate braking logic?\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"20873\" data-start=\"20817\" data-section-id=\"168i7f\"\u003eCould the project become a parking-assistance concept?\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"20928\" data-start=\"20874\" data-section-id=\"kmr60p\"\u003eCould it be expanded into a robot obstacle detector?\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"20979\" data-start=\"20929\" data-section-id=\"1v043kh\"\u003eCould different sensor technologies be compared?\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"21040\" data-start=\"20980\" data-section-id=\"5udi15\"\u003eHow would ultrasonic sensing differ from infrared sensing?\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"21117\" data-start=\"21041\" data-section-id=\"v04l5i\"\u003eWhy do real automotive systems use multiple sensors and testing standards?\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"21241\" data-start=\"21119\"\u003eThese are further learning directions. Additional components, programming and suitable technical guidance may be required.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 data-end=\"21290\" data-start=\"21248\" data-section-id=\"1sdrx7j\"\u003eThis Concept Can Also Be Used to Explore\u003c\/h1\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"21377\" data-start=\"21292\"\u003eThe sensing, comparison, switching and alert sequence can support discussions around:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-end=\"21852\" data-start=\"21379\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"21415\" data-start=\"21379\" data-section-id=\"1qlzntm\"\u003eVehicle collision-warning concepts\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"21445\" data-start=\"21416\" data-section-id=\"evpla0\"\u003eParking-assistance concepts\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"21472\" data-start=\"21446\" data-section-id=\"otl3k2\"\u003eRobot obstacle detection\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"21500\" data-start=\"21473\" data-section-id=\"vsieks\"\u003eProximity-warning systems\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"21533\" data-start=\"21501\" data-section-id=\"3uvh3f\"\u003eAutomatic-door sensor concepts\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"21561\" data-start=\"21534\" data-section-id=\"19o0plf\"\u003eWarehouse movement alerts\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"21586\" data-start=\"21562\" data-section-id=\"1qs0yp7\"\u003eSmart-mobility systems\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"21618\" data-start=\"21587\" data-section-id=\"ukh5go\"\u003eBlind-spot awareness concepts\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"21646\" data-start=\"21619\" data-section-id=\"1s1hpb3\"\u003eObject-detection circuits\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"21674\" data-start=\"21647\" data-section-id=\"1q6xm5s\"\u003eIR security-beam concepts\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"21701\" data-start=\"21675\" data-section-id=\"1rti3x5\"\u003eSensor-controlled alarms\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"21734\" data-start=\"21702\" data-section-id=\"ls618m\"\u003eRelay-operated warning systems\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"21763\" data-start=\"21735\" data-section-id=\"1h9q2i\"\u003eReflective optical sensing\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"21797\" data-start=\"21764\" data-section-id=\"1ocjw3v\"\u003eAutomatic notification concepts\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"21828\" data-start=\"21798\" data-section-id=\"1k5z7ks\"\u003eInput-process-output systems\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"21852\" data-start=\"21829\" data-section-id=\"47byvp\"\u003eElectronic automation\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"22008\" data-start=\"21854\"\u003eThese are \u003cstrong data-end=\"21898\" data-start=\"21864\"\u003eeducational concept extensions\u003c\/strong\u003e based on the model’s functional sequence. They are not additional built-in functions of the supplied product.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch1 data-end=\"24382\" data-start=\"24346\" data-section-id=\"fv0nqt\"\u003eCurriculum and Concept Connections\u003c\/h1\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"24436\" data-start=\"24384\"\u003eThe project can support classroom discussion around:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-end=\"24707\" data-start=\"24438\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"24475\" data-start=\"24438\" data-section-id=\"e42tt6\"\u003eElectricity and electrical circuits\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"24514\" data-start=\"24476\" data-section-id=\"110svch\"\u003eMagnetic effects of electric current\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"24548\" data-start=\"24515\" data-section-id=\"15wvi06\"\u003eElectromagnetic relay operation\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"24576\" data-start=\"24549\" data-section-id=\"1fvdz4v\"\u003eSemiconductor photodiodes\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"24598\" data-start=\"24577\" data-section-id=\"tfd3qm\"\u003eInfrared reflection\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"24618\" data-start=\"24599\" data-section-id=\"1cj7c3c\"\u003eSensor technology\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"24646\" data-start=\"24619\" data-section-id=\"1jo3rex\"\u003eAutomatic warning systems\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"24670\" data-start=\"24647\" data-section-id=\"1bqxv1m\"\u003eRoad-safety awareness\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"24707\" data-start=\"24671\" data-section-id=\"12gpd19\"\u003eInput-process-output relationships\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"25031\" data-start=\"24709\"\u003eThe supplied concept-mapping document links the model with selected electricity, electromagnetism, semiconductor-sensing and road-safety concepts for Grades 7–12. These are independent educational references and do not imply approval or endorsement by NCERT, CBSE or any school board.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr data-end=\"25036\" data-start=\"25033\"\u003e\n\u003ch1 data-end=\"25067\" data-start=\"25038\" data-section-id=\"158v5je\"\u003eA Complete Learning Journey\u003c\/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-end=\"25088\" data-start=\"25069\" data-section-id=\"4j6q80\"\u003eScan the code.\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-end=\"25118\" data-start=\"25089\" data-section-id=\"1ns05dq\"\u003eWatch the demonstration.\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-end=\"25140\" data-start=\"25119\" data-section-id=\"1sl89mi\"\u003eRead the manual.\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-end=\"25168\" data-start=\"25141\" data-section-id=\"mfaau8\"\u003ePosition the vehicles.\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-end=\"25190\" data-start=\"25169\" data-section-id=\"bebe8y\"\u003ePower the model.\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-end=\"25222\" data-start=\"25191\" data-section-id=\"17zeqay\"\u003eMove towards the obstacle.\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-end=\"25255\" data-start=\"25223\" data-section-id=\"1qddzg3\"\u003eFollow the reflected light.\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-end=\"25283\" data-start=\"25256\" data-section-id=\"i5h6jh\"\u003eHear the relay switch.\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-end=\"25311\" data-start=\"25284\" data-section-id=\"oa3w16\"\u003eListen to the warning.\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-end=\"25337\" data-start=\"25312\" data-section-id=\"q9f8bu\"\u003eMove away and reset.\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-end=\"25361\" data-start=\"25338\" data-section-id=\"cxp7xy\"\u003eRecord the result.\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-end=\"25386\" data-start=\"25362\" data-section-id=\"1ixk6pc\"\u003eExplain the system.\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-end=\"25410\" data-start=\"25387\" data-section-id=\"1e6rqbt\"\u003eBuild upon the idea.\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"25628\" data-start=\"25412\"\u003eThe \u003cstrong data-end=\"25455\" data-start=\"25416\"\u003eGo Science Obstacle Detection Alarm\u003c\/strong\u003e transforms invisible-light sensing, relay switching and road-safety concepts into a guided working experience students can observe, investigate and confidently demonstrate.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr data-end=\"25633\" data-start=\"25630\"\u003e\n\u003ch1 data-end=\"25680\" data-start=\"25635\" data-section-id=\"4evk91\"\u003eImportant Educational and Usage Information\u003c\/h1\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"25758\" data-start=\"25682\"\u003eThis product is an educational demonstration model and science teaching aid.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-end=\"26611\" data-start=\"25760\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"25806\" data-start=\"25760\" data-section-id=\"10qu1jp\"\u003eAdult or teacher supervision is recommended.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"25861\" data-start=\"25807\" data-section-id=\"6b16o0\"\u003eUse the model only on a flat, clean and dry surface.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"25947\" data-start=\"25862\" data-section-id=\"1rx3vqu\"\u003eUse only the supplied toy vehicles or other safe lightweight demonstration objects.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"25987\" data-start=\"25948\" data-section-id=\"u2wio0\"\u003eMove the vehicle manually and slowly.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"26041\" data-start=\"25988\" data-section-id=\"15n8715\"\u003eKeep the sensor lenses clean and correctly aligned.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"26130\" data-start=\"26042\" data-section-id=\"1rvtce4\"\u003eKeep the model away from direct sunlight and very bright light sources during testing.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"26172\" data-start=\"26131\" data-section-id=\"1h9m3ds\"\u003eDo not bend or force the sensor module.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"26218\" data-start=\"26173\" data-section-id=\"12iudcy\"\u003eKeep the buzzer and relay activation brief.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"26274\" data-start=\"26219\" data-section-id=\"re2v84\"\u003eConnect the 9V battery using the correct orientation.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"26338\" data-start=\"26275\" data-section-id=\"73rvoq\"\u003eDisconnect the battery immediately after every demonstration.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"26390\" data-start=\"26339\" data-section-id=\"1v5lqwc\"\u003eNever store the model with the battery connected.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"26434\" data-start=\"26391\" data-section-id=\"3kxznq\"\u003eStore the kit in a cool and dry location.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"26497\" data-start=\"26435\" data-section-id=\"114txdz\"\u003eInternet access is required for the online manual and video.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"26611\" data-start=\"26498\" data-section-id=\"4bw3sy\"\u003eProduct appearance and component arrangement may vary slightly due to manufacturing and component availability.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-end=\"26644\" data-start=\"26613\" data-section-id=\"6f2uf4\"\u003eImportant Product Limitation\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"26731\" data-start=\"26646\"\u003eThis model demonstrates obstacle-triggered warning logic for educational observation.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"26743\" data-start=\"26733\"\u003eIt is not:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-end=\"27038\" data-start=\"26745\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"26774\" data-start=\"26745\" data-section-id=\"15wk61s\"\u003eAn automotive safety device\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"26813\" data-start=\"26775\" data-section-id=\"1vz7t\"\u003eAn advanced driver-assistance system\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"26852\" data-start=\"26814\" data-section-id=\"e3ljqq\"\u003eA certified collision-warning system\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"26888\" data-start=\"26853\" data-section-id=\"12sfx80\"\u003eA parking sensor for installation\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"26919\" data-start=\"26889\" data-section-id=\"hy5qfg\"\u003eAn autonomous-driving system\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"26942\" data-start=\"26920\" data-section-id=\"1gkhmtr\"\u003eA braking controller\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"26966\" data-start=\"26943\" data-section-id=\"jru4xs\"\u003eA steering controller\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"26994\" data-start=\"26967\" data-section-id=\"1kra8h8\"\u003eA vehicle-stopping device\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"27015\" data-start=\"26995\" data-section-id=\"1be34z8\"\u003eA road-use product\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"27038\" data-start=\"27016\" data-section-id=\"1yy9shy\"\u003eA life-safety device\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"27259\" data-start=\"27040\"\u003eIt produces a warning only. It does not brake, steer, slow or stop a vehicle and must never be installed in or relied upon in a real vehicle.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Go Science","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45648471621679,"sku":"2671814292801","price":649.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0647\/4442\/3471\/files\/GO_Science_Classroom_Series_Obstacle_Detection_Alarm_kit_retail_box_of_School_project_demonstration_retail_box_with_kit_assembled.jpg?v=1784645746"}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0647\/4442\/3471\/collections\/GO_Science_Classroom_Series_Obstacle_Detection_Alarm_kit_retail_box_of_School_project_demonstration_retail_box_with_kit_assembled.jpg?v=1787315793","url":"https:\/\/goscience.in\/collections\/obstacle-detection-school-project-bengaluru.oembed","provider":"Go Science","version":"1.0","type":"link"}